Showing posts with label Spirit of God. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Spirit of God. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 05, 2026

Windblown!

Windblown!

John 3:1-17[1]

We live in a place where the wind blows. It always has. Maybe in former days, before trees were planted more widely, it “blew” even more. Or at least it may have seemed like it. So much so that there are stories of early pioneers who were driven to madness by the constant blowing of the wind on the open prairie. These days, the wind can still be dangerous. Most of us remember the historic “derecho” storm that destroyed an almost 800-mile swath of crops in Iowa in 2020. More recently, and more locally, on a weekend when the weather was supposed to be calm, a storm brought down a lot of trees, some of them fairly large. We live in a place where the wind blows!

Like other aspects of the weather, we really can’t know the way the wind is going to blow on a given day until we see it. I learned that living on the Texas Gulf Coast, where we dealt with Hurricanes. The weather service had a five-day “cone of probability” for where the Hurricane would make landfall that was just about worthless because usually covered the whole Gulf Coast from Texas to Florida. Basically about 24 to 48 hours ahead of time we could get an idea of where the storm was going. That’s true here. Maybe the day before, we can see what seems to be happening. But really, we have to wait until the day to know what the weather is going to do. Is it going to snow this afternoon? We’ll have to wait and see.

Unfortunately, that unpredictability that exposes our trees and crops, not to mention our homes and gardens, to the risk of damage from a storm. That’s not something most of us relish. Unlike the people who originally settled here, we tend not to be great risk-takers. We want our lives to be safe and predictable. And we turn to our faith to provide us with that safe and predictable life. We want our faith to be something we can count on. So we take faith and turn it into a kind of certainty that I’m not sure it was ever meant to be.

At least that’s been the way some people approach faith. It’s “the Truth,” the one and only truth with a capital “T” that has been delivered “once for all” to the faithful (Cf. Jude 3!) and has been preserved intact throughout the centuries in an infallible Bible by an infallible church. Before we point the finger at other Christian traditions for this kind of thinking, we should look to our own roots. The Reformed confessions from the Sixteenth Century speak a similar language. It seems that the uncertainty and upheaval of the Protestant Reformation when people wanted certainty about their faith. They debated whether the Catholic tradition or the Protestant tradition had the “true” faith. They attacked each other back and forth about who had the true faith or who didn’t. One our Reformed confessions talks of faith as “a most certain apprehension of the truth of God.”[2] That doesn’t leave much room for doubt. And the Westminster Confession, which was the confession of faith of the Presbyterian Church for a long time, hardly even speaks the language of faith. It makes our faith all about knowledge and absolute truth and certainty.

It’s easy to understand why we look for this kind of certainty in our faith.  It’s comforting and reassuring to have something firm and unchangeable to hang onto with all that’s changing in our world. But I’m not sure that our faith was meant to be like that. I would say that the Bible speaks very differently about faith. Yes, there are times when the prophets and apostles spoke of faith as something firm that provides us with a sense of being grounded. But they also speak of faith as something we can’t always pin down into nice, neat packages.

Our gospel lesson for today is a great example. Jesus speaks about faith in a way that was so confusing to Nicodemus, who was one of the “teachers of Israel,” that he completely misunderstood. Jesus said, “you must be born from above,” but the way he said it could also be understood, “you must be born again.” And Nicodemus thought Jesus was talking about somehow physically climbing back into the womb. But Jesus was talking about a different kind of birth. In John’s Gospel it’s called being “born from God,” or “born from above,” or “born of the Spirit.” It’s talking about a birth that brings us a whole new kind of life from the Spirit of God.

That’s something that may be hard for us to grasp, because this life can so often feel “old” and familiar rather than new and unexpected. But that’s the way Jesus described the “life” he came to give all people. And Jesus said this new life works the way the wind blows. He said, “The wind blows where it chooses, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes” (John 3:8). Now, Jesus wasn’t speaking about weather forecasting. Even with all the modern technology we have at our fingertips, sometimes a wind comes up suddenly, and you’re just as surprised and baffled as if you were living in the First Century. The new life that Jesus points us to, and the faith that opens the door to that new life, is just as much a mystery today as the wind still can be.

Because it is beyond our ability to understand, there is something inherently uncertain about what God is doing in our world to bring new life to us all. Like a sudden wind that takes us by surprise, the new life that God brings to us is something that can surprise us. Sometimes it can leave us feeling overwhelmed or even scared. When God’s Spirit blows into our lives, it’s not something we get to control. When we feel “out of control” we may find ourselves feeling vulnerable or even threatened. In those times, to be sure, our faith is like a lifeline that we hold onto. And there is much about our faith provides us with assurance, like the promise that God’s love for us never fails. But because our faith sometimes takes us to places we never expected to go, we may find ourselves in a situation where all we can do is fall on our knees and pray with all our hearts, “Lord, help me!”

If it’s true that God’s ways are as much higher than ours as “the heavens” are above the earth, then I think that means we will likely wonder, or question, or even doubt at times. I don’t think any of those responses to the unexpected nature of our lives is the opposite of faith. Rather, I would say that for me, those paths have led me to deeper faith! It’s natural for us to turn to our faith when life feels out of control. We all have favorite hymns, or Scripture verses, or prayers that give us the courage to face uncertain days. But we must not confuse assurance with absolute certainty. One of the main reasons for that is when our faith is something we view as absolutely certain, it becomes safe and predictable. And when our faith is safe and predictable, we can become complacent. I don’t think Jesus envisioned the new life he spoke about with Nicodemus on that night as something safe or predictable, or something about which we could ever become complacent!

Rather, our faith, and the new life it leads us to live, is always going to lead us out from the comfort of our safety and complacency. Jesus’ faith led him to the cross, and he said that it would be the same for all those who would follow him. If we’re going to take that risk of faith, if we’re going to let the wind of God’s Spirit blow new life into our lives, we’re going to have to expect that it’s not going to be safe and predictable. And rather than seeking safety or comfort, faith means opening up our hearts to the new life God brings by allowing ourselves to be changed. That’s how we experience faith, and that’s how we experience the new life Jesus promised to us all. It’s like being blown by the wind!



[1] © Alan Brehm 2026. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm PhD on 3/1/2026 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

[2] “Second Helvetic Confession,” The Book of Confessions 5.112. 

Tuesday, May 21, 2024

Great Gifts, Great Responsibilities

Great Gifts, Great Responsibilities

John 15:26-27[1]

I’ve mentioned before that I have a reason for the things I say every week in worship. I’m sure most of you are aware that I begin every sermon with the prayer, “Holy Spirit, breath of the living God, renew us all, along with your whole creation.” What you may not know is the reason why I do that. There are a couple of them. First, that kind of prayer is called a “bidding prayer.” I’m asking God to be among us, to help me speak words that will be helpful to you, and to use those words to inspire us all to find new ways of following Christ in our daily lives. I recognize that I’m just a man, and that the only way anything I say can make a difference in your life is for God to use my words by his Spirit working in your heart.

That’s the practical reason. As you may suspect, there is also a theological reason for my prayer. You may have noticed that I frame every sermon with a reference to the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. I open my sermon with a prayer asking the Spirit to continue to carry out his work of renewing all things among us. I humbly conclude my sermons “in the name of Jesus the Christ our Savior and Lord.” Again, that’s a kind of prayer, that the risen Christ who lives among us would take my fallible words and use them to speak his word to you all. Finally, I conclude my sermon with a prayer asking God the Father to continue bringing his kingdom of peace, justice, and freedom in our lives and through us into the lives of others.

On this Pentecost Sunday, I want to focus on the part about the Holy Spirit. We celebrate Pentecost to remember that, just as the Spirit of God breathed life into God’s human creatures in the beginning, it was on the day of Pentecost that the Spirit of God breathed life into the early church, enabling them to do amazing things, and to bear witness to all that Jesus had done for them and meant to them. It was an amazing transformation, because before that day, we find the first Christians typically gathered behind locked doors out of fear of being caught and arrested. But when the Spirit came upon them, they seemed to lose their fear and became bold witnesses to Jesus Christ.

This is precisely what Jesus says the Spirit would do for the disciples according to John’s Gospel. In our lesson for today, Jesus promises that the Spirit would bear witness to him, and that would enable them to bear witness as well. Our lesson from the Good News Translation puts it this way: “The Helper will come—the Spirit, who reveals the truth about God and who comes from the Father. I will send him to you from the Father, and he will speak about me. And you, too, will speak about me” (Jn. 15:26-27). The Spirit comes to enable Jesus’ disciples to carry on the work the Father had sent him to do.

That follows a pattern in John’s Gospel. Jesus said that he was only doing and saying what God had sent him to do and say. In that same way, Jesus sent the Spirit “from the Father” to his disciples to help them  understand of all that Jesus had done and taught. And the Spirit would in turn send them to continue the work Jesus began. That’s the pattern: Jesus did the work God sent him to do, and they were sent to do the same work (Jn. 14:12). Just as Jesus taught what God had given him to teach, so the Spirit would continue to teach them. And in turn they would teach others (Jn. 16:13). And the whole point is to continue the work of sharing the good news of God’s love for all people in Jesus Christ.[2]

In some ways, this is about our task. We’re called to follow Jesus, and following Jesus means being sent into the world to share God’s love. But in some ways, it’s about who God is. The fact that God sent his son Jesus Christ into the world as a demonstration of his love for us makes it clear that God’s very being from all eternity was one of love reaching out.[3] We see it in creation. We see it in God’s dealings with Abraham and his family. We see it in the life of Jesus. And we see that same essential love in the sending of the Spirit to us. The Spirit not only teaches us, but also enables us to continue the work of sharing God’s love.[4]

As I’ve mentioned before, President John F. Kennedy was known for something he said right before he officially took office: “For of those to whom much is given, much is required.”[5] Of course the original form of this was spoken by Jesus: “From everyone to whom much has been given, much will be required” (Lk. 12:48). It’s a statement that Jesus made about the importance of faithfully carrying out our calling. I like the way the Contemporary English Version puts it: “If God has been generous with you, he will expect you to serve him well. But if he has been more than generous, he will expect you to serve him even better.” I like The Message translation even more: “Great gifts mean great responsibilities; greater gifts, greater responsibilities!”

We live in a time when there is so much talk about privilege and rights. Many of us think primarily about what is “due” to us by right, and we set about seeking to claim that. But Jesus was one who set aside his privileges and rights to serve others. Just as he was sent to carry out God’s work in this world, so also all of us have been sent. More than that we’ve been given great gifts. And the greatest gift is the Spirit, who leads us and empowers us to use our gifts in the service of others.



[1] © 2024 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm, PhD on 5/19/2024 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

[2] Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics, 1.1, 455: “The Holy Spirit is the authorization [sic] to speak about Christ; He is the equipment of the prophet and apostle; He is the summons to the Church to minister the Word.”

[3] Jürgen Moltmann, The Church in the Power of the Spirit, 56 “A Christian doctrine of the Trinity which is bound to the history of Christ and the history of the Spirit must conceive the Trinity as the Trinity of the sending and seeking love of God which is open from its very origin. The triune God is the God who is open to man, open to the world and open to time.”

[4] Henri Nouwen, Reaching Out: Three Movements in the Spiritual Life, 125: “In Jesus Christ, God has entered our lives in the most intimate way, so that we could enter into his life through the Spirit. … By giving us his Spirit, his breath, he became closer to us than we are to ourselves. … Praying in the Spirit of Jesus Christ, therefore, means participating in the intimate life of God himself. … We receive a new breath, a new freedom, a new life. This new life is the divine life of God himself.”

[5] John F. Kennedy, “Address to a Joint Convention of the General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,” January 9, 1961. Accessed at https://www.jfklibrary.org/archives/other-resources/john-f-kennedy-speeches/massachusetts-general-court-19610109 .

Wednesday, May 31, 2023

One Whole Body

 One Whole Body

1 Corinthians 12:4-14, 24[1]

Today is the day that we celebrate the birth of the church. All those centuries ago, on the day of Pentecost, the Spirit of God swept through the group of Jesus’ disciples, empowering them to become bold witnesses for Christ. And the book of Acts tells the story of how they went out in the power of the Spirit to do unimaginable things in the name of the Lord Jesus. As they proclaimed the good news of Jesus Christ to any and all who would listen, thousands responded. And what began in a backwater corner of the Roman Empire became a thriving movement. The power of the Spirit working through the church of that day would eventually change their whole world, including the Middle East, Africa, and Europe.

When we look at our churches today, it may seem like a stretch to think that the same Spirit is still working in and through us. Churches that were filled with people 50 years ago are now partly, or mostly, or in some cases completely empty.[2] When you look around, you might be forgiven for wondering whether the Spirit who we say we believe empowers us “to witness among all peoples to Christ as Lord and Savior, and to work with others for justice, freedom, and peace” has passed us by.[3] Although the Church is thriving in other places around the world, in this country it’s a very difficult time to be the church!

While there are a lot of people saying a lot of things in about what churches “need” to do to thrive, I would say the place to start is with our own hearts. I’ve said before it is my firm conviction that only as we carry out our work in the power the Spirit supplies can we hope to achieve any lasting results. That applies to this and every other church. It’s one of the foundational themes of the NT. Everything we do in our Christian lives is the result of what the Spirit of God is doing. Everything we do, from praying, to worshipping, to planting seeds of faith, to growing in service to God, to living lives of kindness and respect, to sharing the love of God, will thrive or not thrive to the extent that we rely on the Spirit of God.[4]

That’s why we have to start with our own hearts. It’s not going to be enough for us to work hard for the sake of the church. That still presupposes that whether or not this church thrives is in our hands. But as St. Paul once confessed, “In ourselves we are not able to claim anything for ourselves. The power to do what we do comes from God” (2 Cor 3:5, NIrV). If that was true for Paul, how much more is it true for us. We start by recognizing that none of us can “make” this church thrive by our own efforts. We must look to God diligently, consistently, faithfully, and sincerely to pour out the Spirit in and through us if we hope that what we do will have any lasting results.

In our Scripture lesson from 1 Corinthians, St. Paul says it this way: “There are different kinds of spiritual gifts, but the same Spirit is the source of them all. There are different kinds of service, but we serve the same Lord. God works in different ways, but it is the same God who does the work in all of us” (1 Cor 12:4-6). Jesus promised, “I will build my church” (Mt 16:18), and the way he’s been doing that is through the presence and power of the Spirit working in the church. I believe we can trust that Jesus will keep his promise. I believe we can trust that the Spirit will continue working in and through us all. And I believe God will continue to supply us with what we need to carry out the ministry of the kingdom in this community.

With that in mind, we might wonder what we can do. Well, first and foremost, we can pray. Let me be clear about this: we don’t pray because it’s some kind of “magic wand” that will “miraculously” turn things around. We pray because that’s how we open our hearts to the work of God’s Spirit and align our lives with God’s kingdom. I invite you to join me in praying that God will pour out his Spirit and empower us to carry out his work in this community. I’ve been doing that since I came here. And one of the times I pray that prayer is on Sunday morning during worship. All I do is ask God to pour out his Spirit to help us thrive and to bring us the people we need to help us. Please join me in that prayer!

But St. Paul also knew that there was another dimension to a thriving church. He said it this way: “A spiritual gift is given to each of us so we can help each other” (1 Cor 12:7, NLT). Many of us probably don’t agree with that statement. We think that if anyone has a “spiritual gift” that can benefit the church, it must be someone else. But St. Paul makes it clear in this passage that he believes that the Spirit of God works through every part of the body of Christ. That means that there’s no one who’s contribution is “dispensable.” For this or any other church to thrive, it takes every one doing what God enables us to do. We can’t sit back and expect someone else to do it for us. It’s going to take all of us working together as one whole body of Christ if we want to thrive as a church.

Whether we see this time in which we’re all working so hard to live faithfully as the body of Christ as a crisis or an opportunity depends on our point of view. We can lament that our churches are nowhere near as full as they were ten or twenty or thirty years ago. And if we take that approach, we will likely continue to watch the church decline. Or we can take the opportunity to step up. Each and every one of us. I believe that if Christians in this culture truly opened their hearts to God’s Spirit and truly aligned their lives with God’s kingdom, it would revolutionize the church. It would revolutionize our world! I believe that if Christians in this culture would embrace the promise that the Spirit has given each and every one of us gifts to help the church thrive, we couldn’t contain all the people in our buildings. If that’s what we want to see, it’s going to take all of us working together as one whole body of Christ.

I realize that all this may sound too simple to make much of a difference. But in my experience, a simple shift in mindset is one of the most powerful ways to effect change. That’s what I’m asking you to do today. I’m asking you to shift your mindset and trust in the power of God to build up this church. We don’t have the power in ourselves to do what needs to be done for this church to thrive. Only God can do that. But God has always accomplished his work in through people like you and me. And that means we’re all called to step up. If we keep doing what we’ve always done, we’ll keep getting the same results. I’m asking you to step up in a new way. Pray for the people of this church. Reach out to ask someone you know how they’re doing. When the people of God open their hearts to the Spirit of God in prayer and turn to God by aligning their lives with the kingdom, great changes can happen. And not just in this community, but throughout the whole body of Christ. Let’s join together as one whole body of Christ to do unimaginable things in our time through the Spirit of God!



[1] © 2023 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm PhD on 5/28/2023 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

[2] Yonat Shimron, “Study: More Churches Closing than Opening,” Religion News Service 21 May 2021, accessed at: https://religionnews.com/2021/05/26/study-more-churches-closing-than-opening/. The report suggests that in 2019 about 4500 protestant churches closed, while only 3000 were started. This compares with 2014, when there were 3700 closures, but 4000 openings. For reference, there are about 320,000 to 350,000 protestant churches in the US.

[3] The Book of Confessions 2016, “A Brief Statement of Faith,” 11.4, p. 312.

[4] Cf. Henri J. M. Nouwen, A Cry for Mercy, 109: “The Holy Spirit, whom Jesus promised to his followers, is the great gift of God. Without the Spirit of Jesus we can do nothing, but in and through his Spirit we can live free, joyful, and courageous lives. We cannot pray, but the Spirit of Christ can pray in us. We cannot crete peace and joy, but the Spirit of Christ can fill us with a peace and joy that is not of this world. We cannot break through the many barriers that divide races, sexes, and nations, but the Spirit of Christ unites all people in the all-embracing love of God. The Spirit of Christ burns away our many fears and anxieties and sets us free to move wherever we are sent. This is the great liberation of Pentecost.”

Tuesday, June 14, 2022

God's Love Overflowing

 God’s Love Overflowing

Proverbs 8:1-11, 22-31; Romans 5:1-5; John 16:12-15[1]

When you think about religion as our human efforts to worship and serve God, you would think that a concept so basic to the human experience would be consistent across the board. But the opposite is true. The cultures of the world throughout history have held many beliefs about “God.” In ancient religions, the “gods” were simply a picture of human impulses on a large scale. But while the “gods” may have embodied the best human qualities, they also embodied the worst. Other cultures have approached their understanding of “God” through nature, and some even found their way to a “benevolent” notion of God. But our notions of “God” have always been as varied as the human family is.

Even in the Christian faith there are very different images of God. Some see God as a stickler for rules, always eager to punish those who go astray. And in many cases, those who understand God like that have come up with all kinds of things you have to do in order to stay on God’s “good side” so you can go to heaven when you die. Others have such a casual view of God that they turn the creator of the vast universe into their “buddy.” And they think this “buddy” of theirs is a personal “genie in a bottle” who will make their every wish come true. How you understand God makes a difference!

That’s why we observe “Trinity Sunday.” It’s a day for us to recall that there are important reasons we worship one God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. I realize that may sound like a “stretch” to some. A lot of people these days think it doesn’t matter what you believe, as long as you have some kind of faith. But I would insist that the Bible bears witness to God in this unique way of understanding that we call “Trinity.” And it’s not just about making sure we follow the Bible. Believing in, worshipping, and serving God as “Trinity” makes a big difference in what your faith and your life look like.

Our scripture lessons for today point out some of the reasons why it’s important that we understand God in this way. In our lesson from Proverbs, we get a better glimpse of what it means to say “I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth.” There is something intimidating about the notion that God created all the galaxies we can see with the new James Webb Space Telescope. But our lesson shows us a different side: God enjoying creation and delighting in the human family. Creation was not only an expression of God’s power, but also of God’s love, overflowing in the beauty of the world that is “very good” (Gen 1:31). Part of what it means to believe in “Trinity” is that we see God not only as all-powerful but also as one who takes great delight in loving all creation.

Our lesson from John’s Gospel reminds us of what it means to say, “I believe in Jesus Christ God’s only Son our Lord.” As we’ve seen in our journey through John’s Gospel during Easter, Jesus’ whole life was one act of demonstrating God’s love for us. By coming in human flesh, he showed us what God’s love looks like. By serving “the least of these” (Mt 25:40), he demonstrated God’s love for everyone. And by giving his life on the cross, Jesus revealed just how far God is willing to go to draw us into the embrace of love shared eternally by Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Part of what it means to believe in “Trinity” is that we know God’s love for us through Jesus Christ.

Our lesson from Romans reminds us of what it means to say, “I believe in the Holy Spirit.” God not only poured out his love when he created all things “very good.” And God not only poured out his love by sending Jesus to show us what love looks like in real life. God also continually pours out his love in our hearts through the Holy Spirit. Again, as we have seen in John’s Gospel, the Spirit is our constant companion, the one who leads us to faith, who shows us the truth of what God is doing in and among us, and who guides us daily. Part of what it means to believe in “Trinity” is that we trust that God’s love for us means that he continually accompanies, guides, sustains, and empowers us.

In the Bible, it takes all three, God the Creator, Jesus the Redeemer, and the Spirit who sustains us, to fully understand who God is. If it’s true that “God is love” (1 John 4:8), it should come as no surprise that the one God who is three—Creator, Redeemer, and Sustainer—exists in a relationship of love and community. This is the image of God in the Bible: God in relationship, God in community, God involved in our lives. This is central to our faith, because the love shared between the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit is the basis for everything God does in our lives, for all that God does in our community of faith, and for all that God does through us as we serve others.

The point of the Trinity is that God is a God of love—not just love that observes from afar, but love that reaches out to us and seeks a relationship with us. The God who creates and redeems and sustains us is a God who shows us a love that is constantly present among us, that gets involved in our lives, and that takes action to fill our lives with love. About twenty years ago, the PCUSA commissioned a study of our understanding of God as “Trinity.” That doesn’t take any kind of stretch of imagination! The (inevitable) report encouraged churches to explore ways to include affirmations of our faith in God as “Trinity,” using the range of expressions in the Bible and in the history of the Church. And the overarching theme was framed in the title of the report: “The Trinity: God’s Love Overflowing.” I can think of no better way to understand God: love overflowing in and through all creation and in and through every one of our lives!



[1] © 2022 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm Ph. D. on 6/12/2022 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE. For a video recording of this sermon, check out my Pastor Alan YouTube Channel: https://youtu.be/q6bP3CkiA0Q

Tuesday, June 07, 2022

Empowered

 Empowered

John 14:1-21, 25-27[1]

In some ways, our world has gotten much smaller than it was when many of us were children. Today we can know instantly what is happening anywhere in the country, and all over the world. But at the same time, I would say this means that our world has gotten much bigger. Growing up in a small town in Texas, our concerns were fairly limited to our family, our friends, our church, and our town. We had the news for “bigger” matters, but there was no 24-hour news channel, and “breaking events” wasn’t even a thing. Now, we have instant access to major events happening all over the world. Our world has gotten a lot bigger.

For many of us, this can leave us feeling overwhelmed. There are so many serious problems in our world coming at us every day. I think it can lead to a kind of “information overload.” We hear about so many troubling things in our world that we may wonder what any of us can do about them. This great big world of ours with so many crises happening so fast may convince us that we’re too weak, too small, too helpless in the face of it all to make a difference. But now, as always, I think we make the biggest difference when we can step away from the great big world and focus on the people in our lives each day. I would say that’s where we have a chance to do something meaningful in our world.

Our gospel lesson for today relates to this feeling of helplessness. This week, we’re returning to a chapter we talked about recently. As I mentioned at that time, in this whole section of John’s Gospel, Jesus was preparing his disciples for the fact that very soon he was no longer going to be with them. He knew that his “hour” was at hand, and he told them in a variety of ways that he was going to be leaving them and returning to the Father. I mentioned previously that the disciples were confused by all of this, but I think we can say that they were also upset about it. There’s an edge to what Thomas said to Jesus: “Lord, we do not know where you are going. How can we know the way?” (Jn 14:5).

That’s why Jesus started this chapter with words of assurance: “Do not let your hearts be troubled” (Jn 14:1). The reason for this was that he was about to tell them that he would be leaving them, and he knew it would upset them. Despite all appearances, Jesus promised them that “I will not leave you orphaned” (Jn 14:18). He wanted them to know that they would not be left on their own to carry on without him. Finally, he said, “Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled, and do not let them be afraid” (Jn 14:27). All of this was meant to address their sadness and fear over his leaving.

We talked a couple of weeks ago about how this  would relate to their potential feelings of abandonment. But I think there’s more to it than that. I think Jesus also wanted to help them understand that they would not be left to their own efforts to carry on the work he had begun and that he commissioned them to take up. In the first place, they would be empowered to carry out that work because of their relationship with Jesus and the Father. He promised them that when they saw him again, they would know that “I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you” (Jn 14:20). Jesus promised his disciples that they would be embraced into the relationship of love that Jesus and the Father have shared from all eternity in order to empower them to carry out their work.

More than that, Jesus also promised that he would send them “the Spirit of Truth” to help them with their task. The Holy Spirit would be for them “another Advocate” or “Counselor” or “Helper” who would be with them forever (Jn 14:16). Not only would the Spirit “teach” them “everything” and “remind” of all the Jesus had said to them (14:26), he would also “declare” to them “the things that are to come” (16:13). The purpose of this would be to “glorify” Jesus  by taking “what is mine” and “declaring” it to them (16:14). And “what is mine” includes “All that the Father has” (16:14).

The result of all of this is that not only would the disciples be empowered to carry on their work, but in fact they would do much more. Jesus promised that their sharing in the love between him and the Father and the constant presence and guidance of the Spirit would empower them to “do greater works than these” (Jn 14:12). It may seem impossible, but Jesus promised that his disciples would carry out his legacy of fulfilling God’s work in the world. That would include bearing witness to Jesus, but also it would include lives of faithful discipleship that would have effects that would reach more widely than any of them could likely imagine.

There are a lot of ways in which the helplessness we feel about the world relates to what’s happening in the church. Churches across the country have been in decline for decades. And two years of the pandemic has only sped up that process. It can seem like all our efforts to turn that around have been frustrated by the changes that are sweeping through our world. But despite our feelings of helplessness, Jesus’ promises to his disciples apply to us as well. He has not left us to carry on the work of ministry by our own efforts. The love we know in relationship with him and the Father and the presence and guidance of the Holy Spirit empower us all to go out and do “greater works” than any of us can likely imagine!



[1] © Alan Brehm 2022. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm, Ph. D. on 6/5/2022 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

Tuesday, May 24, 2022

Never Abandoned

Never Abandoned

John 14:15-29[1]

We live in a world that is more interconnected than ever before in history, and yet those who study our life in this world tell us that loneliness has become an epidemic. We can know what’s happening on the other side of the world instantly, and yet we have no idea what’s going on in the lives of our friends and neighbors. There is so much about the way our society functions that seems to isolate us from one another. Our superficial “connections” on social media only make matters worse. When we see the pictures our Facebook “friends” post of their “perfect” families, it can leave us feeling left out and abandoned.

One of the challenges we have with all this is that we all have expectations about how we thought our life was going to go. And when that doesn’t happen, we have a hard time letting those expectations go and finding the good things in our lives just the way they are here and now. Another challenge is that what we tell ourselves about our lives makes a huge difference in how we experience it. When we tell ourselves enough times that we’re a square peg trying to fit into a round hole and just never quite fitting in, we’re going to believe it. And what we believe about our lives tends to wind up being our “truth.” When we tell ourselves we’re left out and abandoned, we’re going to feel lonely.

This relates to our Gospel lesson for today because Jesus was preparing his disciples for the fact that very soon he was no longer going to be with them, at least in the physical sense of the word. He knew that his “hour” was at hand, and that he would be fulfilling the will of his Father that he “lay down his life” for his friends, and for us all. This whole section of John’s Gospel addresses that. From chapter to 13 to chapter 17, Jesus was preparing them for the crisis they would be facing as he went through the cross, the resurrection, and his ascension to the right hand of the Father.

Just a quick overview of their dialogues with Jesus in these chapters makes it clear that the disciples were confused by what Jesus was telling them. They expected the Messiah to come and take his place on David’s throne, not die on a cross and return to the Father who had sent him. More than that, his talk of “going” where they could not follow troubled them. We see that in Peter’s interaction with Jesus, asking why he couldn’t follow him (Jn 13:37). We see it in Thomas’ question, “Lord, we do not know where you are going, how can we know the way?” (Jn 14:5). And we see it when “some of his disciples” wondered among themselves, “What does he mean by saying to us, ‘A little while, and you will no longer see me,’ … and ‘I am going to the Father’?” (Jn 16:17).

In response to their uneasiness about all of this, Jesus sought to reassure them that they would not be left to carry on alone. In the first place, he told them that “Those who love me will keep my word, and my Father will love them, and we will come to them and make our home with them” (Jn 14:23). This probably sounds strange to our ears, because we’re used to St. Paul telling us that we’re saved by faith, not by what we do. But in John’s Gospel, true faith is defined as “loving” Jesus by “keeping his word.” It’s a matter of following Jesus’ example of loving the Father and fulfilling the Father’s will for his life. In John’s Gospel, those who respond to Jesus in faith will also follow his pattern of carrying out God’s purpose in their lives.

We shouldn’t get hung up on this and miss out on the promise here: Jesus promises his disciples that “my Father will love them, and we will come to them and make our home with them” (Jn 14:23). This is one of the major themes in John’s Gospel. Those who “love” Jesus will follow his example of loving obedience to the Father. They will “keep his word,” not in order to be loved, but because they have encountered the love of Christ. And Jesus promises that those who follow his example of loving God by obeying him will be enfolded into the relationship of love that Jesus and the Father share. Far from being abandoned, Jesus’ departure makes it possible for them to share the same relationship with God that Jesus did!

Jesus also promised his disciples that they would not be left abandoned because the Father would send them the Holy Spirit, who is called the “Advocate” here (Jn 14:26). I think perhaps a better translation would be “Helper” or “Encourager.” Jesus promises that the Spirit would “remind” them of all that he had taught them. Later, Jesus says that the Spirit would “guide” them into “all truth” (Jn 16:13). Again, I think the point of this is to assure the disciples that Jesus’ departure would not mean that they were abandoned and left on their own to carry on. Rather the Spirit would be right there with them, every step of the way, encouraging them and empowering them to remain faithful and true.

I believe these promises also hold a great deal of assurance for us. No matter how lonely we may feel, no matter how much we may think we are “misfits,” we are not left alone in our efforts to follow Christ and to carry out his work in our world. Just like Jesus’ first disciples, we too share in the relationship of love that Jesus and the Father have shared for all eternity. And no less than those first disciples, we too have the constant presence of the Spirit to guide us, to encourage us, and to empower us in our efforts to serve Christ. No matter how we may feel, we are never abandoned.



[1] © 2022 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm Ph. D. on 5/22/2022 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

Sunday, May 23, 2021

The Spirit of Truth

 The Spirit of Truth

John 16:12-15[1]

Sharing our faith is something that can be difficult for most of us. In fact, I would say that the vast majority of Christians in this country never say a word about their faith outside a church building. There are a variety of reasons for this. We don’t much like to talk about our faith in public. In fact, I think we’d prefer to do just about anything other than having to talk about our faith in public. For many of us, our convictions are something very personal to us, and we hold them dear. For others, it just seems like there’s so much about our faith that we don’t understand. And for that reason we don’t think we’re capable of talking about our faith.

But sharing our faith is something essential. All of us learned faith in Jesus because of someone who talked to us about him. It may not have happened in a “public” place. For most of us it probably happened either in church or at home or both. But sharing our faith remains the primary means of passing it along from one person to another. More than that, as we saw last week, the “truth” that Jesus has brought us is the truth of a relationship with God whereby we experience God’s love and we put into practice God’s ways and purposes in this world in our daily lives. In order to do that, many of us may feel like we need to know more about that “truth.”

Our lesson from John’s Gospel for today addresses this problem. As we’ve seen already, in this section of the Gospel Jesus is preparing his disciples for his departure. But they are confused. They cannot fathom the idea that the Messiah would abandon them. In response, Jesus promises to send them “an Advocate” from the Father (Jn 15:26). The word “Advocate” here could also be translated “Comforter,” “Counselor,” “Helper,” or “Friend.” I think the main point is that the one Jesus was sending to them would be with them in the same way that he had been with them. Of course, he’s referring to the Spirit of God, the one who makes our relationship with God “real” for us, and the one who makes Jesus’ presence real in our lives.

Jesus calls this helper “the Spirit of Truth.” As such, he says that “the Spirit of truth” will guide the disciples “into all truth” (Jn 16:13). That would consist of “teaching” them “everything,” and “reminding” them “of all I have said to you.” Jesus goes on to say that the “helper” will “glorify me, because he will take what is mine and declare it to you” (Jn. 16:14). It would seem, then, that the role of the “helper” is not only to enable them to remember Jesus’ teachings, and beyond that to understand Jesus’ teachings. It would seem that the role of the “helper” was to give them further “truth” that they had not yet received. I think we find that “further truth” in the books of the NT, none of which were written when Jesus lived.

But the “Spirit of Truth” has another role in our lesson for today. I think it’s important for us to see that the main work of the Spirit would be to enable Jesus’ disciples to “testify” to him. In our lesson for today, Jesus promises that the Spirit would testify to him, and that would enable his disciples to testify also (Jn 15:26-27). That follows a pattern in John’s Gospel: just as Jesus did the work God sent him to do, so they would also do the work Jesus sent them to do (Jn. 14:12). Just as Jesus taught what God had given him to teach, so the Spirit would continue to teach them, and in turn they would teach others (Jn. 16:13).[2] They would discover the “truth” as they put into practice the things Jesus taught them in their daily lives.[3]

So the “helper,” or the “Spirit of Truth” would not only lead them into “all truth.” The Spirit would also lead them into all the truth they would need to carry out their work of testifying to Jesus and to the new life they had through him. That’s what the Spirit does in our lives: the Spirit brings the word of Scripture to life so that it calls forth our faith and service to others in love. The Spirit works in our lives constantly to shape us into the image of Christ, producing the “fruit” of character traits that resemble Jesus’ own character. The Spirit empowers every aspect of our lives as Christians, everything we do both individually and together as the Body of Christ. The Spirit teaches us, equips us with gifts, calls us, and perhaps most importantly, pushes us out of our comfortable ruts so that we will indeed “testify” to Jesus and the new life he has given us.

On this day we commemorate the first Pentecost of the early church. Before that day, the first Christians typically gathered behind locked doors out of fear of being caught and arrested. But when the Spirit came upon them, they seemed to lose their fear and became bold witnesses to Jesus Christ. This is precisely what Jesus says the Spirit would do for the disciples in our lesson from John’s Gospel for today. Jesus promises that the Spirit would testify to him, and that would enable them to testify as well. That’s how sharing your faith works. It’s not something any of us can do alone. Even the Apostles affirm time and again in the NT that the only way they were able to do the amazing things they did was because the Spirit of God empowered them to do so. The same is true for us. We can only share our faith as the “Spirit of Truth” “glorifies” Jesus in and through our lives. We can share our faith as the Spirit reminds us, guides us, teaches us, and empowers us to put our faith into practice in our daily lives.



[1] © 2021 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm, Ph. D. on 5/23/2021 for Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.

[2] cf. Eugene Peterson, “The Story Behind the Story: John 15:26-27; 16:4b-15,” Journal for Preachers 26 (no. 4 Pentecost) 2003:6-7.

[3] Cf. Gail R. O’Day, “Gospel of John,” New Interpreters Bible IX:749.

Monday, June 08, 2020

Astonishing


Astonishing
Acts 2:1-21; Psalm 104:24-34[1]
I don’t know about you, but I’d say that my experience with 2020 so far has been anything but “normal.” I lost a mother and gained a granddaughter. I’ve worn a mask over my face and nose in public places. As many of us have reflected, it feels like our lives have been completely upended. Of course, much of this is due to the Covid-19 pandemic. My son Derek and his wife have a collaborative game called “Pandemic.” The idea is that if you stop the pandemic, everybody wins. If you don’t, everybody loses. What a concept. It’s been an astonishing year, to say the least.
I find the language that our insurance companies use for astonishing events somewhat ironic: they call them “Acts of God.” Hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, and earthquakes, are “Acts of God” that insurance providers may exclude from your coverage. Of course, there was a time when people believed these unprecedented catastrophes truly did come from God. There are some who still do. But now we can explain their natural causes. Much of what at one time would have been attributed to some mysterious “act of God” now has a completely rational explanation.
This also applies to the way we view our faith. One of the traits of our branch of the Christian family is an approach that seeks to explain all things spiritual in terms that everyone can understand. That’s why the sermon became the focus for Christian worship instead of the Communion table. In the Catholic Church, the whole point of the service is the miracle by which the bread and wine become Jesus’ own body and blood. It is a great mystery, not to be explained, but to be experienced. In our Reformed churches, however, the point of worship is to explain the faith reasonably.
In our lesson from Acts, which tells the story of the outpouring of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost, the response of the people who witnessed it was not one of calm, reasonable understanding, but rather they were “bewildered,” “amazed and astonished,” and “perplexed” (Acts 2:6 ,7, 12). This event, which I would consider a real “Act of God,” was beyond their ability to comprehend or explain. It left them in a state of confusion, as the lesson puts it: “All were amazed and perplexed, saying to one another, ‘What does this mean?’” (Acts 2:12).
Most of us don’t like what we can’t understand. We feel uncomfortable with confusion. And so some may also insist that the “miracle” of Pentecost was that the language of the Apostles was fully intelligible to people of many different dialects. This is one of the many ways we try to keep God firmly within the box of what we can explain. Unfortunately, that kind of faith doesn’t have the power to motivate us to live for the peace and justice and freedom of God’s Kingdom in a world that is so unfree and unjust.
When the Spirit comes, really comes, everything changes. We can’t remain in our comfortable ruts because the Spirit won’t let us! One of the questions I’ve received from the congregation is about the role of the Spirit in our lives. The Spirit brings the word of Scripture to life so that it calls forth our faith and love. The Spirit works in our lives constantly to shape us into the image of Christ. The Spirit empowers every aspect of our lives as Christians and everything we do as the Body of Christ. The Spirit teaches us, convicts us, equips us with gifts, calls us, and perhaps most importantly, pushes us out of our comfortable ruts. When the Spirit really comes to work in our lives, we should expect it to be astonishing.
I would have to say that one of the lessons of Pentecost is that when “God happens,” it will be something astonishing, like Pentecost itself. If we want to see God at work in our midst, we need to be prepared for some amazement, some confusion, something beyond our understanding. If we want our faith to make a difference in the way we live, if we want our church to be alive with the power of the Spirit, we have to expect that it will only happen to the extent that the God of Pentecost comes to us and shakes things up and blows things around.[2] And when that happens, we should expect to be astonished!


[1] ©Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Alan Brehm, Ph. D., on 5/31/2020 at Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.
[2] Cf. Leonora Tubbs Tisdale, “The Wind that Blows the Doors Off,” Journal for Preachers 26 no 4 (Pentecost 2003): 56, where she says, because of “This wild Spirit wind of God … everyone in that room who thought they had God all figured out and safely circumscribed in their neat and orderly theological boxes, saw the doors of those boxes completely blown off.”

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

On This Day


On this Day
Psalm 118:24[1]
On this day we come together to celebrate the heart of our faith: that Jesus lives! It is something that may be difficult for us to wrap our heads around. We can understand sacrificing oneself for the sake of others. Most of us have been called upon to do just that for the sake of the people in our lives we love and care about. But none of us has any first-hand experience with resurrection—at least not literally. We may have known someone who has had a “near-death” experience. But there is simply nothing in our experience of this world that gives us a basis for grasping the idea that a person who was dead—not for minutes, but for over 36 hours—somehow came back to life. 
That doesn’t bother me too much, though, because I know that there are some elements of our faith that we may never understand. But while I may never be able to explain the resurrection of Jesus from death to life, I can experience the risen Lord in and through my life. I can sense the presence of the Spirit, I can feel Jesus’ impulse to compassion, and I can enjoy the freedom of faith and hope in the God who is always here. At the end of the day, I think that’s what Easter is about. When we experience the presence and power of God in our lives, it is the same Spirit that the disciples encountered in Jesus of Nazareth. And the reason we celebrate the resurrection on Easter Sunday is because that same Spirit of the risen Christ lives in you and in me and in all who have the experience of his continuing presence.
The Psalmist celebrated a kind of death-to-life renewal. He spoke of being in distress, of being surrounded on every side (Ps. 118:5, 10-11). The Psalmist spoke of being “pushed hard” to the point of falling (Ps. 118:13). The language suggests the setting of battle, but I’m not sure we should take that literally. Whether he was at the crucial point of a battle, at the point where it could have gone either way, or simply at a critical turning point in his life, he felt as if he could have been defeated. It’s in that setting that the Psalmist affirms, “The LORD is my strength and my might; he has become my salvation” (Ps. 118:14). Like a piece of stone that had been cast aside as worthless, only to be retrieved later as the most important building block that holds the rest of the structure together, the Psalmist rejoices that he has been delivered from whatever it was that threatened him.
And so he rejoices that “This is the day that the LORD has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it” (Ps. 118:24). That’s the way most translations put it. But if we pay attention to the sequence, it seems like there’s more to this verse than just celebrating God’s hand in each day. This is a special day. The rejected one has been raised to the place of highest honor. In response the Psalmist says, “This is the Lord's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes” (Ps. 118:23). One of the features of the Psalms is that verses are parallel with each other. Sometimes to point out a contrast. Here, I think it is for emphasis. And so that familiar verse probably shouldn’t be read as “this is the day the Lord has made,” but rather “on this day the Lord has done it; let us rejoice and be glad in what he has done.” It’s a celebration of an act so unexpected, so unique, and so “marvelous” that all we can do is to celebrate what God has done with joy and gladness.
I think that’s what Easter is about. It’s a celebration that on this day, all those years ago, God acted decisively to break the break the power of everything that threatens to enslave or oppress or distort or destroy our humanity. It’s a celebration that, on this day, God took all our pain and sorrow and suffering and sadness and loss and death and turned it all into new life. Easter is a celebration of the new life that came into being on this day and that it will one day transform everything and everyone. It is a celebration that, on this day, God acted in a decisive way to demonstrate that he is constantly working to restore the whole creation to the place where it is once again “very good.” 
Simply put, because the Spirit of Easter is alive and well in this community of faith, I believe in a God who is working to bring grace and peace and mercy and love and joy and life into every life. And we experience that “marvelous” work of God in our own lives as we know the continuing presence of Jesus in all our lives. It means that for us, “Jesus is the light in our darkness, the bread that satisfies our hunger, the vine that is the source of our life, the healer who makes us whole … .”[2] Not “Jesus was,” but “Jesus is.”  Easter is like a promise that points toward a future filled with hope and joy and love and life.  But it is a promise that we can all begin to experience right here and right now because Jesus is alive and well in us all.  Although we may never understand all that Easter means, because Jesus is alive and well in us, on this day, we can celebrate what God is doing in and through us. 


[1] ©2020 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Dr. Alan Brehm on 4/12/2020 at Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.
[2] Borg, Heart of Christianity, 88.

Monday, June 10, 2019

The Spirit of Truth

The Spirit of Truth
John 14:8-17; Acts 2:16-21[1]
Given our sometimes maddeningly diverse world, I’m afraid people tend to fall into two camps when it comes to “Truth.” Some, like Pontius Pilate long ago, sagely ask, “What is truth?” (John 18:38). Others cling ever more tightly to that version of “Truth” they have embraced, insisting as the Roman Catholic Church did in the Middle Ages that it is “what has been believed everywhere, always, and by all.”[2] I’m afraid this kind of “all-or-nothing” thinking has plagued the church for centuries. Indeed, all organized religions are characterized by their ability to define and maintain their identity, even when the means they use to do so may seem to contradict the faith they profess.[3]
Unfortunately, that tension in the church originates in Scripture. It is a tension between what we might call “exclusion” and “embrace.”[4] There are many passages of scripture that emphasize “God’s people” as unique, distinct, set apart from other peoples. And, as we discussed not long ago, along with that goes “boundary markers” that are absolute in order to reinforce that identity. It is the language of “exclusion.” It says to those who are different, “You don’t belong.”
But then there are also many passages in Scripture that emphasize that God’s ultimate purpose in choosing a people for himself is to bring all peoples into the embrace of God’s love and God’s life.  Along with that point of view go visions of a far-reaching and all-inclusive mission to carry the good news of God’s love to all nations. It is the language of “embrace.” It says, “Jesus loves the little children, all the children of the world.”
Our Scripture lessons for today highlight this problem. In our lesson from Acts, Peter uses verses from the book of the prophet Joel to explain what was happening on the Day of Pentecost. He boldly proclaims, “this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel: ‘In the last days it will be, God declares, that I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh’” (Acts 2:16-17). Peter was quoting from Joel 2:28, which in its context was a part of God’s promise to restore his people and restore his life-giving presence among them. That might seem to limit the promise of the Spirit to Jewish people, but in Acts, the idea of the Spirit poured out on “all flesh,” as well as the promise that “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved” (Acts 2:21), clearly implies that the promise is opened to all people.
On the other hand, in our lesson from John’s Gospel, Jesus seems to speak about the gift of the Spirit in a very different way. The setting is that Jesus is preparing his disciples for his departure. But they are confused. They cannot fathom the idea that the Messiah would abandon them. In response, Jesus promises to send them “another Advocate” (John 14:16). The word “Advocate” here could also be translated “Comforter,” “Counselor,” “Helper,” or “Friend.” I think the main point is that the one Jesus was sending to them would be with them in the same way that he had been with them.
Jesus calls this helper, “the Spirit of Truth (John 14:17), because he’s talking about the Spirit of God, the one who makes God’s presence real in our lives, and the one who would continue to make Jesus’ presence real in their lives and ours. But the strange thing Jesus says about the “Spirit of Truth” is that while “he abides with you, and he will be in you,” “the world cannot receive [him]” (John 14:17). This seems to be a very different take on the outpouring of the Spirit at Pentecost. It seems to say that the Spirit is reserved only for a limited group, not poured out on “all flesh.”
What are we to make of this? Is the Spirit of God poured out on everyone, or just a particular group? Even within the Gospel of John, which affirms that “God so loved the world that he gave his only son” (John 3:16), the language of our Gospel reading seems strange. Part of the answer can be found in the fact that the community of believers John was addressing faced severe threats, like the loss of livelihood, or family and social ties, or possibly even loss of their lives. In the face of these kinds of threats our natural fears harden into isolation. Instead of embracing others, we see them as a threat from which we must protect ourselves. And we tend to restrict those who belong to our “group,” and limit the gifts that go with our faith, like the gift of the Spirit.
Beyond the context of our reading from John’s Gospel, I believe we have to think more clearly about what the gift of the Spirit represents. It represents God’s presence in this world, and I don’t see a whole lot of justification in Scripture for placing any limitations on that. The Spirit represents Jesus’ continuing presence in this world, and it doesn’t make sense to restrict the presence of the one who identifies with the poor and marginalized people in our world. If we see ourselves as those who are called by the “Spirit of Truth” to be the people of the God who embraces all people in his love, then we cannot isolate ourselves from “outsiders” whom we judge “different.”[5] If we are going to follow the “Spirit of Truth,” we will not only love God but also love our neighbors, all our neighbors. [6] And that means recognizing every human being as a beloved child of God. As Ray Stevens sang it, “Red and yellow, black and white, they are precious in his sight.” If they are precious in God’s sight, they must be precious in ours as well.




[1] © 2019 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Dr. Alan Brehm on 6/9/2019 at Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.
[2] This was Vincent of Lerin’s view of the faith that guided the Roman Catholic Church in the medieval ages. See The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 1700, s. v. “Vincentian Canon.”
[3] John D. Caputo, On Religion, 32-33: “Institutionalized communities are defined by their identity and the power to maintain their identity, which includes the power to excommunicate the different.”
[4] See Miroslav Volf, Exclusion and Embrace, 22-31.
[5] Volf, Exclusion and Embrace, 69-79.
[6] Caputo, On Religion, 111: “Religious truth is tied up with being truly religious, truly loving God, loving God in spirit and in truth (John 4:24), and there are more ways to do that than are dreamt of by the faithful in the traditional confessions.”



Tuesday, March 05, 2019

Freedom


Freedom
2 Corinthians 3:12-4:2[1]
We as a people are proud of our “freedoms.” Most of us are familiar with Lee Greenwood’s song, “God Bless the USA.” [2] The first line of the refrain says, “I’m proud to be an American, where at least I know I’m free.” We’ve been raised on the ideal of American freedom. It’s as ingrained in our culture as Norman Rockwell’s depictions of the “four freedoms”: freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. [3] His inspiration for these iconic portraits was President Roosevelt’s 1941 State of the Union speech, in which he articulated these freedoms as basic human rights for all nations. Many believe he did so to awaken this country to enter World War II.
Freedom has a long tradition in this country. But I'm not sure we've ever been as free as we'd like to think we are. Especially not from fear and want! There is an equally iconic image from Life magazine in 1937 of a mural boasting of the “American Way” as having the “highest standard of living” with people in front of it standing in line for assistance in Louisville, KY after the Ohio River flooded. [4] To be fair, it was taken during the Great Depression. But these were people who were not free from want and fear. I think true freedom is much more complicated than the sentiments expressed in Mr. Greenwood’s song.
I would say that St. Paul knew that freedom is complicated. In our lesson for today, he deals with one of the central problems regarding freedom in his day: how does a Gospel message that offers freedom to Gentiles apply to Jewish people who are bound by the Torah of Moses? This problem plagued most of the Christian communities Paul served in the First Century. To Jewish people, even Christians, a Gospel that offers salvation to Gentiles represented a casting aside of all their most cherished traditions. It simply did not compute to them, and this caused tension in the churches, most of which combined Jewish and Gentile members.
Paul’s response to this issue was to argue that God in Jesus Christ has set all people free through the Spirit. His logic in this chapter of 2 Corinthians is difficult to follow because he’s interpreting a portion of Exodus chapter 34. One of the central points Paul seems to be trying to make here is to say that the same Lord who set the people of Israel free from slavery in Egypt is the one who in Jesus has set them free from sin and death, from guilt and fear. And this same Lord is the one who in the Spirit makes freedom in Christ a reality in their lives: “Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom” (2 Cor. 3:17). [5]
The foundation for this line of thinking is found in Paul’s understanding of the resurrection of Jesus and what that means in our lives. As the Apostle makes clear elsewhere, the effect of Jesus’ resurrection is that while “in Adam all die,” “in Christ shall all be made alive” (1 Corinthians 15:22). Jesus’ resurrection imparts new life to all of us. And so St. Paul can say that through the resurrection, the gift of freedom and new life in Christ come to us through the “Spirit of the Lord.” In other words, “freedom is present where Christ is experienced through the Spirit.” [6]
This way of approaching freedom as a gift from the Lord God of all creation, extended to us by the risen Lord Jesus, and made real in our lives by the Spirit of the Lord is very different from our understanding of freedom. In the first place, we seem to think of freedom as a “right” that we deserve, not as gift. But perhaps more importantly, in this culture we insist that freedom is something that belongs to us by virtue of the fact that we exist. In our world, every person is by definition free. We don’t need anyone, not even Jesus Christ, to give us something that we already have.
By contrast, I would say that many of the people I meet don’t seem to be free. Some are bound by fear—fear of dying, fear of illness, fear of becoming financially destitute, fear of being alone. Some are bound by pain—the pain of some disease, or the pain of trauma. Some are bound by addictions—to alcohol, drugs, pornography, and even electronic games, among many others. Some are bound to a past that they simply cannot seem to shake. Others are bound by the ever-increasing cost of living and by debts that may be more than they can handle. And if you asked them were freedom is to be found, I’m afraid not many people have a very good answer.
But the Gospel insists that freedom is found in Christ through the Spirit who is constantly working in our lives. The assurance that Christ can truly give us this promised freedom is that God raised him from the dead. In raising Jesus from death to new life, God demonstrated for all time that it was his purpose for the human family to give them that new life by the Spirit. [7] As we respond to this amazing gift in faith, hope, and love, we find the truth and the reality of this promise becoming real in our growing experience of the freedom to truly live.




[1] ©2019 Alan Brehm. A sermon delivered by Rev. Dr. Alan Brehm on 3/3/2019 at Hickman Presbyterian Church, Hickman, NE.
[2] Lee Greenwood, “God Bless the U.S.A,” You’ve Got a Good Love Comin’, MCA Records, May 17, 1984.
[3] Published as covers of The Saturday Evening Post, February 20, February 27, March 6, and March 13, 1943. See https://www.nrm.org/2012/10/collections-four-freedoms/ .
[4] Margaret Bourke-White, “World's Highest Standard of Living,” Life, February 1937. https://www.artic.edu/articles/467/worlds-highest-standard-of-living .
[5] Cf. Jürgen Moltmann, The Spirit of Life: A Universal Affirmation, 120-22.
[6] Ibid., 121.
[7] Cf. Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics, 4.1:308-9.